GCSE Command Words
Command words are the words and phrases used in exams that tell students how they should answer a question.
The following command words are taken from Ofqual’s official list of command words and their meanings that are relevant to this subject. In addition, where necessary, we have included our own command words and their meanings to complement Ofqual’s list.
Most commands are from the current GCSE sciences so will be familiar to you.
Commands marked * are different to the current GCSE sciences list.
The next version of this document will give examples of how each command word will be used.
Calculate
Students should use numbers given in the question to work out the answer.
Choose*
Select from a range of alternatives.
Compare
This requires the student to describe the similarities and/or differences between things, not just write about one.
Complete
Answers should be written in the space provided, for example, on a diagram, in spaces in a sentence or in a table
Define*
Specify the meaning of something.
Describe
Students may be asked to recall some facts, events or process in an accurate way.
Design*
Set out how something will be done.
Determine*
Use given data or information to obtain and answer.
Draw
To produce, or add to, a diagram.
Estimate
Assign an approximate value.
Evaluate
Students should use the information supplied as well as their knowledge and understanding to consider evidence for and against.
Explain
Students should make something clear, or state the reasons for something happening.
Give
Only a short answer is required, not an explanation or a description.
Identify*
Name or otherwise characterise.
Justify
Use evidence from the information supplied to support an answer.
Label
Provide appropriate names on a diagram.
Measure*
Find an item of data for a given quantity.
Name
Only a short answer is required, not an explanation or a description. Often it can be answered with a single word, phrase or sentence.
Plan*
Write a method.
Plot*
Mark on a graph using data given.
Predict*
Give a plausible outcome.
Show*
Provided structured evidence to reach a conclusion.
Sketch*
Draw approximately.
Suggest
This term is used in questions where students need to apply their knowledge and understanding to a new situation.
Use
The answer must be based on the information given in the question. Unless the information given in the question is used, no marks can be given. In some cases students might be asked to use their own knowledge and understanding.
Work out*
Students should use numbers given in the question to work out the answer.
Write
Only a short answer is required, not an explanation or a description.